Handbook of Research on Energy-Saving Technologies for Environmentally-Friendly Agricultural Development by Kharchenko Valeriy

Author:Kharchenko Valeriy
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: Engineering Science Reference

Electrotechnological installations for each of the variants of the studied electrophysiological impact were collected on the basis of a high voltage source — an industrially manufactured apparatus SKAT-70, at the output of which it was possible to obtain 70 kV dc voltage and 50 kV ac voltage with a frequency of 50 Hz. The microprocessor control system for the device’s operational performance and safety, made it possible to set the technologically necessary processing voltage with an accuracy of a few volts.

The measuring cells in which the electropulse treatment of the inoculum was carried out are represented by two structures: the first one is a closed container made of an electrically insulating material - fiberglass, with stainless steel electrodes located in the planes of the bottom and a removable cover, i.e. condenser type container; the second is an open container made of an electrically insulating material, Getinax, with brass electrodes installed at the top, along the long walls, between which high-voltage discharges were formed.

Electrotechnological installations allow changing processing voltage, selecting processing modes: “direct current”, “alternating current”, “pulse discharges”, changing the pulse repetition frequency and, as a result, adjust the amount of energy supplied to the object, i.e. exposure dose, which gives an additional opportunity to choose the optimal modes of electrical treatment of seed.

Under laboratory conditions, exploratory studies were conducted to determine the effect of ac stimulation by an electric field of an alternating current and a pulsed field on the germination energy and germination of Triticale seeds. When processing seeds in an electric field of direct and alternating current, the voltage on the electrodes was maintained the same and was 15 kV, and for the variant with a pulsed electric field - 25 kV.

As a result of the research conducted, it was noticed that the speed and friendly nature of germination depends on the impact parameters. A very interesting picture of the dynamics of the germination energy at an early stage of the experiment was revealed. The smallest number of abundantly germinated seeds on the second day was recorded in the variant using the electric field of alternating current with a distance from the top electrode to the seed layer being treated 7.0 cm (variant 1) - 4.3%. In variants with treatment in an electric field of alternating current with a distance to the seed layer of 1.0 cm (option 2) and in a pulsed electric field at the same distance (option 3), this indicator turned out to be significantly higher compared to the control, and amounted to - 23.0 and 28.5%, respectively; at the control - 7.0%.

On the third day of observation, the germination rate of the treated seeds increased on average by 2.1 ... 2.6 times relative to the seeds that were not subjected to electrical impact.

On the fourth day of the experiment, the speed and friendliness of germination of the inoculum, which was affected by the electrical influence, leveled out somewhat. The optimal mode in this regard turned out to be option 2, where the amicability of seed development was 96.

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